I would only partially agree that Kotlin is "much safer."
As one example, I just learned (by way of a nasty production app crash) that Kotlin chose to make all checked exceptions silently unchecked. Kind of a stunning own-goal for a language from 2010.
Oof, that feels like a blunder for Java interop, although I've never encountered use of checked exceptions in my admittedly limited Java experience.
In everyday Kotlin code, I see either a sealed class or Result for cases where you'd find checked exceptions in Java, and otherwise normal unchecked exceptions from `require`, `check`, precondition assertions.
As one example, I just learned (by way of a nasty production app crash) that Kotlin chose to make all checked exceptions silently unchecked. Kind of a stunning own-goal for a language from 2010.