It should be JMAP because that's the primary protocol that Fastmail as a email hosting company (not a email client) operates on.
I don't think that's open source based on the blog post alone, and I don't think they have a reason to build a separate email client with advanced features. This app is likely just meant to serve the needs of the business clients that have asked for a separate app rather than using the website.
Does it use JMAP?
Is it open source?
I’d really like to see a modern E-Mail client. Just in general. Most I’ve seen just aren’t appealing at all.